Pets Anatomy I

Duration

30h Th, 48h Pr, 4h Mon. WS

Number of credits

Lecturer

Annick Gabriel

Language(s) of instruction

French language

Organisation and examination

Teaching in the first semester, review in January

Schedule

Schedule online

Units courses prerequisite and corequisite

Prerequisite or corequisite units are presented within each program

Learning unit contents

Anatomy is the science which study the organisation of living beings. It is the fondation of the teaching of medicine and consists of a necessary introduction to the knowledge of the sound organism and its functions. Veterinary anatomy is general and comparative: it concerns all animal domestic species and describes resemblances and caracteristical differences. The course anatomy of domestic animals I is the first part of the anatomy course. He will be followed by the animal anatomy II, in the 2nd quadrimester of block 2 and III and IV, in the 3rd year of the bachelor's degree. In block 2, the anatomy course has 2 parts: the anatomy I part concerns the musculoskeletal system (limbs and belts) (30h CT, 4h TD, 48h TP) and the part II the neckline, the trunk, the splanchnocrane and splanchnology (30h CT, 6h TD, 48h TP). General introduction are given on the different concerned tissues.Osteology, arthrology, myology and esthesiology will be successively studied for the fore and rear limb and vertebral column. The main species studied will be domestic carnivores, horse, ruminants with special attention for equine digit.


This course constitues a pre-requisite for Anatomy II.

Learning outcomes of the learning unit

A the end of the lessons, students must know the anatomical basic vocabulary, be able to cite the general organisation of all the studied systems, to describe and draw the morphology of anatomical structures and to explain their functions. He must be able to represent the axes of bones from belts, be capable of placing the limb with regard to the trunk, of being capable of placing a bone with his axis or a joint on an image of alive animal. He must be able to draw the shape of the articular surfaces and to explain precisely how the articulation functions. 
In practics, the student must be able to adapt the knowledge to the professional requirements, particularly in the field of clinical sciences; medical imaging, semiology, propedeutics and surgery as well as in foodstuffs inspection

Learning tips : Anatomy is a big course that may frighten several students that believe that they must learn by heart. However, even if long hours are necessary to learn it, the numerous connections made with physiology, histology, biochemistry and pathology make it very interesting. The understanding of the course is indispensable and turns out much more important than the knowledge of small sharp details without clinical interest.

It is necessary to begin with the anatomical basic vocabulary, the study of the table of content, with big titles and then general conformation, main characteristics, function and localisation before studying small details.

Tables showing the specific learning objectives of the course are posted on e-campus

Prerequisite knowledge and skills

Planned learning activities and teaching methods

• Assistance to practical lessons is obligatory. Any absence from the TP must be made up during the quadrimester, within a time window approved by the assistants. If not, the student may be prohibited from presenting his exam during the first session.
  
  The program includes 56 hours of practical work (TP). These TP are complementary to the theoretical courses. Practical work groups and timetables are accessible on the student portal of the faculty website and on the CELCAT calendar. Practical work is organized in groups of 45 to 50 students, per 4-hour session in the morning (8:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.). All lab sessions take place in the dissection rooms of the anatomy department (see the "biosafety" link for access). The species studied during the practical work for this teaching unit are the horse, the bovine and the dog.
  
  A practical workbook is available on eCampus. The student must be in possession of it during the practical sessions or he could be sanctionned. It constitutes the reference support for practical work:  
           Presentation of the course, objectives and content of the different sessions.
           Explanation of the different assessment methods.
           Description of the specific material of the practical work and the elements to observe or highlight for each session with the approaches / dissection techniques to be preferred.
  
  Practical work is useful for assimilating the matter and linking theoretical descriptions to visual and real manipulation of the various anatomical structures, provided that you arrive in the room having reviewed and prepared the material for the session, at least. In general, each session begins with a tutorial which serves as a refresher and describes how to proceed for the study of bones and joints, and during dissections. For dissection work, students are grouped into teams of 2 to 4 students: each team is responsible for dissecting a full limb for myology. Dissections of arthrology pieces will be possible. Each team bears collective responsibility for the dissected pieces and the arthrology pieces it handles, as well as the quality of the dissections.
• Apart from practical work sessions, the osteology room is accessible every working day of the academic year (on request). The bones made available to you are sorted and stored in cupboards which are annotated. At the end of your work, the bones must be stored in the cupboards and/or in the ad hoc boxes.
  
   
  Organization and subject of the practical sessions:  
  
  Osteo 1 (4h): introduction of TP / bones of the shoulder girdle, arm, forearm, hand / shoulder, elbow, carpal (knee), metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints.
  Osteo 2 (4h): bones of the pelvic girdle, thigh, leg, foot / hip, stifle, tarsal (hock), metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints.
  Osteo 3 (4h): bones of the axial skeleton: vertebral column, ribs, sternum / intervertebral joints, costovertebral, sterno-costal and sacroiliac joint.
  Arthro 1(4h): Dissection of a joint (stiffle or shoulder or elbow)
  
  Dissection week 1 (20h, 5 times 4h): study of the forelimbs (MA) or hindlimbs (MP) in a comparative approach.
  
  Dissection week 2 (20h, 5 times 4h): study of the hind limbs (MP) or forelimbs (MA) in a comparative approach.
  
  All of this information is included and detailed in the workbook (eCampus).
  
  A dissection quality control and written and oral certificative evaluation (preparation for the oral exam of TP) are planned during the quadrimester:
• Optional osteology/arthrology/myology exercises are available on eCampus and remain accessible throughout the semester. 
• A written certification assessment on osteology and arthrology will be organized at the end of the "Osteo 3" session.
• On Monday of week 1 and 2 of dissection, a written certification assessment will be organized at the start of the session and will focus on the myology of the anterior or posterior limb depending on your group number. The success of this will also condition access to the dissection room. In the event of a score equal to zero in the two assessments at the start of the dissection week, a penalty of -2 points will be applied to the score of the oral certification assessment on Friday of week 2.
• On Thursday of week 1 and week 2 of dissection, a quality check of your dissection will take place upon request (per dissection team). This check will be optional and formative, it will allow you to self-assess and prepare yourself as best as possible for your dissection exam in January.
• On Friday of week 2 of dissection, an oral certification assessment will take place. It will cover all the material seen during the practical sessions (osteology, arthrology and myology of the limbs) and will therefore constitute an exam simulation.

Mode of delivery (face to face, distance learning, hybrid learning)

The program provides 30 hours of theoretical courses. The schedule therefore includes 4-6 hours of anatomy per week in the first quadrimester. The attendance of the theoretical courses is not obligatory, however, it is strongly advised. The approach to the subject is clearly developed and the focus is on the parties to know in order to pass the exam. Diagrams and drawings are regularly made using a graphics tablet, recorded and put online and allow easier storage. Most courses are podcasted A review session may be organized at the end of the semester at the request of the students. Matters not included must be forwarded to course delegates who will draw up a list which they will send, a few days before the meeting, to the teacher. Gabriel. Theoretical courses, TDs and the revision session are the only moments during which the theory is seen. The goal of TPs is learning and applying knowledge.

Course materials and recommended or required readings

Platform(s) used for course materials:
- eCampus


Further information:

Theoretical lessons:

Many different supports are available for students to learn in the anatomy course. Video supports such as course podcasts are uploaded to myuliege and practical videos are uploaded to e-campus. Very complete syllabuses (word) are drafted and deposited on the e-campus. These are the course materials and they contain anatomical plates from the course reference book, Dyce, Sack and Wensing, Texbook of veterinary Anatomy. Diagrams produced over time are deposited on e-campus in a folder entitled "Course reference diagrams". The diagrams which are produced live during the lessons are placed in a separate file entitled "diagrams carried out during the course". When there is no support in the form of a syllabus yet, it is the power points, filed in a file on the e-campus, which then serve as support for the course. It is up to everyone to find their preferred medium, according to their preferences, for learning the course.

Books other than the Dyce, of which you will find a short list below, can be useful to have more precise anatomical charts available (like those from the Barone) or when we are passionate about the anatomy of a particular species. . The following books are therefore given merely as an indication.

Anatomy of the dog. Miller, Christensen and Evans. Ed. W.B. Saunders Company

A color atlas of clinical anatomy of the dog and cat. J.S.Boyd. Wolfe Publishung Ltd.

Anatomie comparée des mammifères domestiques. Barone R. Tomes I, II et III

Sissons and Grossman's. The anatomy of the domestic animals. Volume 1. Ed. W.B. Saunders.

Practical work: 

The reference book is the practical workbook (pdf), available on eCampus. 

"Dissection" video clips are available on eCampus. 

Precise anatomical plates: Comparative anatomy of domestic mammals. Barone R. Volumes I, II and III

Exam(s) in session

Any session

- In-person

written exam ( open-ended questions ) AND oral exam


Further information:

In-person exam

The exam will consist of 2 parts, one written and one oral. The theoretical exam will be written. It counts for 65% of the final mark and will include some true / false (or multiple choice or QRM) questions, short open questions, questions on diagrams and diagrams to be produced / completed. The weighting of the questions will be indicated. To pass the exam, it is essential to have understood the matter and to know how to make sufficiently precise diagrams to explain the functional features.
Specific evaluation objectives  will be provided to the students.
The practical exam is oral and account for 35% of the final grade; The TP exam consists of: (1) performing myological dissection of correct quality; (2) recognize and describe various bone, joint, muscle and tendon structures; (3) give the origins and insertions as well as the main functions of the muscles. 

There is no partial exemption in this teaching unit. A student with a grade of less than 10/20 must represent both the theoretical and practical parts of the exam

Work placement(s)

Organisational remarks and main changes to the course

/ To enable students to better assimilate the theoretical matter, the organization of practical work was modified in order to increase the time students were present on site, in the dissection room. On e-campus, a single common discussion forum will now be accessible to ask questions relating to the subject, whether they relate to theory or practical work.

 

Contacts

Prof Annick Gabriel, annick.gabriel@uliege.be. Students may obtain a rendez-vous (preferate way: by e-mail) if they have any problem.

For practical works: Dr Anneliese Demil (a.demil@uliege.be) and Dr Charlotte Lausberg (clausberg@uliege.be) , Tel : 04/366 40 61

Association of one or more MOOCs