Duration
20h Th
Number of credits
| Bachelor in political sciences : general | 3 crédits |
Lecturer
Language(s) of instruction
French language
Organisation and examination
Teaching in the first semester, review in January
Schedule
Units courses prerequisite and corequisite
Prerequisite or corequisite units are presented within each program
Learning unit contents
Both teaching and assessment are only available in French language !
The course will be centered around the problems of defining criteria allowing to distinguish between correct and incorrect reasonings (especially legal reasonings). It will also be a question of identifying typical errors of reasoning.
First chapter will be about deduction as an ideal of perfectly rigorous rationality. Second chapter will deal with dialectical and rhetorical aspects of daily argumentation. Third chapter will be concerned with argumentation schemes and fallacies.
Learning outcomes of the learning unit
Good command of a few theoretical notions of logic and argumentation theory.
Ability to identify the logical structure of reasonings
Ability to identify their argumentation schemes as well as to estimate their correction on the ground of relevant critical questions.
Ability to create short reasonings in accordance with some logical forms, dialectical principles or rhetorical figures of speech.
Prerequisite knowledge and skills
Secondary education. Good command of french language.
Planned learning activities and teaching methods
Oral presentation, reference book, e-learning website, exercise classes with an older student.
Mode of delivery (face to face, distance learning, hybrid learning)
Face-to-face course
Additional information:
The course will take place during the first term (September-December) on Thursdays from 10:45 to 12:45 am. Place : amphi Ruwet (Bât. I1, quai van Beneden).
Course materials and recommended or required readings
Reference book : BOUQUIAUX L. and LECLERCQ B., Logique formelle et argumentation, Bruxelles, De Boeck, 3rd edition, 2017.
References :
On formal deductive logic :
ARISTOTLE, Organon, livre II : les premiers Analytiques, traduction Tricot, Paris, Vrin, 1936.
COPI I. M., Introduction to logic, 8ème edition, New York, Prentice-Hall, 1998.
GOCHET P. et GRIBOMONT P., Logique I, méthodes pour l'informatique fondamentale, Paris, Hermes, 1990.
LEROUX J., Introduction à la logique, Diderot Editeurs, 1998.
LUCAS T. et al., Initiation à la logique formelle, Bruxelles, De Boeck, 2007.
QUINE W. V. O., Méthodes de logique, Paris, Armand Colin, 1984.
VERNANT D., Introduction à la logique standard, Paris, Flammarion, 2001.
On argumentation theory :
HUBIEN H. ed., Le raisonnement juridique, Bruxelles, Bruylant, 1971.
KALINOWSKI G., Introduction à la logique juridique, Paris, LGDJ, 1965.
PERELMAN C. et OLBRECHTS-TYTECA L., Rhétorique et philosophie : pour une théorie de l'argumentation en philosophie, Paris, PUF, 1952.
PERELMAN C. et OLBRECHTS-TYTECA L., La nouvelle rhétorique. Traité de l'argumentation, Bruxelles, Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles, 1992.
PERELMAN C., Justice et raison, Bruxelles, Presses universitaires de Bruxelles, 1963.
PERELMAN C. ed., Les antinomies en droit, Bruxelles, Bruylant, 1965.
PERELMAN C. ed., Le problème des lacunes en droit , Bruxelles, Bruylant, 1968.
PERELMAN C., Eléments d'une théorie de l'argumentation, Bruxelles, Presses universitaires de Bruxelles, 1968.
PERELMAN C., Logique et argumentation, Bruxelles, Presses universitaires de Bruxelles, 1968.
PERELMAN C., Le champ de l'argumentation, Bruxelles, Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles, 1970.
PERELMAN C., La règle de droit, Bruxelles, Bruylant, 1971.
PERELMAN C., Logique juridique, Paris, Dalloz, 1976.
PERELMAN C., L'empire rhétorique : rhétorique et argumentation, Paris, Vrin, 1977.
PERELMAN C. et FORIERS P., La preuve en droit, Bruxelles, Bruylant, 1981.
PERELMAN C. et VANDER ELST R., Les notions à contenu variable en droit, Bruxelles, Bruylant, 1984.
PERELMAN C., Le raisonnable et le déraisonnable en droit : au-delà du positivisme juridique, Paris, LGDJ, 1984.
SCHMETZ R., L'argumentation selon Perelman. Pour une raison au coeur de la rhétorique, Presses Universitaires de Namur, 2000.
TOULMIN S. E., Les usages de l'argumentation, Paris, PUF, 1993.
VAN EEMEREN F. et GROOTENDORST R., La nouvelle dialectique, Paris, Kimé, 1996.
VAN EEMEREN F. et al. ed., Fundamentals of argumentation theory, Mahwah (New Jersey), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1996.
VAN EEMEREN F. ed., Crucial concepts in argumentation theory, Amsterdam, Sic Sat, 2001.
VANNIER G., Argumentation et droit, Paris, PUF, 2001.
On argumentation schemes and fallacies :ARISTOTE, Organon, livre VI : les réfutations sophistiques, trad. Tricot, Paris, Vrin, 1939.
ARNAULD A. et NICOLE P., La logique ou l'art de penser, Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 1965.
COPI I. M. et BURGESS-JACKSON K., Informal logic, 3ème édition, London, Prentice Hall, 1996, chapitre 3.
FISCHER D. H., Historian's fallacies, Londres, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1971.
HAMBLIN C. L., Fallacies, Londres, Methuen & Co, 1970.
HANSEN H. V. et PINTO R. C. ed., Fallacies, Classical and contemporary readings, Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995.
MILL J. S., Système de logique déductive et inductive, Paris, Felix Alcan, 1896, livre V.
WALTON D., Argumentation schemes for presumptive reasoning, London, Routledge, 1995.
WALTON D., REED C. et MACAGNO F., Argumentation schemes, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2008.
WOODS J. et WALTON D.,Critique de l'argumentation, logique des sophismes ordinaires, Paris, Kimé, 1992.
Exam(s) in session
Any session
- In-person
written exam ( multiple-choice questionnaire, open-ended questions )
Further information:
Written exam (both Multiple Choice Questions and written assignment) in January and in September. First year students who would have failed in January have the opportunity to take the exam again in May-June.
No student will be allowed to take the exam on another day than the other students.
A short (optional) essay, which should be uploaded to e-campus board before Thursday the 12th of December 2024, could exempt the student from two questions of the written exam (counting for 5 points out of 20).
This essay (1 to 2 pages ; around 3000 to 5000 signs) will consist in evaluating some reasoning (produced after July 2024 !) spotted in the media (and which must be provided with accurate information on its source); the evaluation requires 1) spotting a problematic inference, 2) a clear recontruction of the analysed inference, 3) the identification of the inference scheme used, 4) adequate critical questions and 5) a decision on whether the inference is correct or fallacious. Organisation of the thought, clarity and accurateness of the expression, correct language are part of what will be marked.
December 12 is the deadline after which no essay will be taken into consideration.
Results will be released on Sunday the 22rd of December.
Work placement(s)
Organisational remarks and main changes to the course
Besides the teaching a few exercice sessions will be organized by an older student.
The first session will be held on Thursday the 19th of September 2024 at 10:45 am.
Contacts
Bruno LECLERCQ Département de Philosophie Place du XX août, 9 (2ème étage) 4000 Liège B.Leclercq@uliege.be
Association of one or more MOOCs
Items online
e-campus
Website